SESHAT library

Know that medicines can be used to treat some illnesses, and describe how to use them safely.

Know that plants and animals can have infectious diseases, and vaccinations can prevent some infectious diseases of animals.

Know that plants and animals need energy to grow, live and be healthy, and plants get their energy from light while animals get their energy from eating plants or other animals.

Describe the importance of movement in maintaining human health.

Know that different animals are found in, and suited to, different habitats.

Know plants and animals can survive in environments other than their habitats.

Describe food chains as being made of producers and consumers, and classify consumers as herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, predators and/or prey.

Describe the particle model for solids and liquids.

Understand the difference between materials, substances and particles.

Know that particles are in constant motion, even when in a solid.

Use the particle model to explain the properties of solids and liquids.

Describe and explain how some solids can behave like liquids (e.g. powders), referring to the particle model.

Describe solidification/freezing and melting, using the particle model to describe the change of state.

Understand that the change of state of a substance is a physical process.

Know that some substances will react with another substance to produce one or more new substances and this is called a chemical reaction.

Know that energy is present in all matter and in sound, light and heat.

Know that energy cannot be made, lost, used up or destroyed but it can be transferred.

Know that energy is required for any movement or action to happen.

Know that not all energy is transferred from one object to another, but often some energy during a process can be transferred to the surrounding environment and this can be detected as sound, light or temperature increase.

Know that light travels in straight lines and this can be represented with ray diagrams.

Know that light can reflect off surfaces.

Describe how objects which are not light sources are seen.

Know that an electrical device will not work if there is a break in the circuit.

Describe how a simple switch is used to open and close a circuit.

Describe how changing the number or type of components in a series circuit can make a lamp brighter or dimmer.

Know some materials are good electrical conductors, especially metals, and some are good electrical insulators.

Describe the model of the structure of the Earth which includes a core, a mantle and a crust.

Describe common features of volcanoes and know they are found at breaks in the Earth's crust.

Know that the Earth's crust moves and when parts move suddenly this is called an earthquake.

Explain why the spinning of the Earth on its axis leads to the apparent movement of the Sun, night and day, and changes in shadows.

Name the planets in the Solar System.

Know that the Sun is at the centre of the Solar System.

Know that planetary systems can contain stars, planets, asteroids and comets.